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ADHD Medication in the UK The drugs for ADHD help to reduce symptoms by increasing brain activity in specific regions. They also stimulate the production of neurotransmitters which are absent in people suffering from ADHD. Stimulant medications are the most frequently prescribed treatment for adults with ADHD in the UK. They help by increasing the activity of the brain in areas involved in the regulation of impulses and attention. Stimulants In the UK There are two kinds of medications that are approved for adults ADHD treatment: stimulants and nonstimulant medications. The stimulants are typically offered as the first option because they boost activity in areas of the brain that help regulate attention and behaviour. They include methylphenidate, known as Ritalin, and Lisdexamfetamine. They can be given several times a day in a tablet that acts as a short-acting one or taken daily in a long-acting tablet that is released into the bloodstream throughout the course of a single day. The dosage of the medication may require frequent adjustments in the early days as it is adjusted and monitored (titrated) to find a dose that works best for you. Stimulants are utilized as medical drugs and recreational drugs. In the 1930s, truck drivers, students and athletes used amphetamines to increase their energy levels. Amphetamines can be extremely dangerous and have a high chance of abuse. They are abused because they make people feel good and stimulate the brain in ways that could lead to addiction. The most frequent side effects of stimulants include loss of appetite, trouble sleeping and issues with the digestive system or stomach. Adjustments in the dosage or timing of the medication usually can alleviate these problems. The majority of adults are tolerant. However, adhd medication for adults may experience more significant side-effects, including tics, weight loss and crankiness. Non-stimulant ADHD medications function differently than stimulants, and it may take a while before they begin to show results. Clonidine and Guanfacine, commonly called Catapres and Intuniv, are alpha agonists. They are able to stimulate the receptors of the brain to improve concentration and decrease the impulsivity, hyperactivity and behavioral issues such tics and aggression. They can be used in addition to ADHD stimulant medication or taken on their own by children between the ages of 6-17. Atomoxetine (brand name Strattera) is another non-stimulant medication for ADHD that increases levels of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline to enhance impulse control and increase concentration. It can be prescribed alone but is most often combined with guanfacine in children. These medications do not cause the same negative side effects as stimulants but can cause headaches and difficulty sleeping. Atomoxetine Some children are not responsive to stimulant medications such as Adderall and Ritalin. Nonstimulants are a possibility for these children. They enhance the communication between nerves and the regions of the brain, helping children to concentrate better and control impulsivity. Nonstimulant ADHD drugs contain different active ingredients than stimulants. They also don't have the potential for abuse and aren't controlled substances. Atomoxetine, also referred to as Strattera, is a non-stimulant medication that can be used to treat ADHD among adults, children and teens. It is an antidepressant that has been proven to decrease ADHD symptoms by increasing the amount of a chemical known as noradrenaline that is present in the brain. Noradrenaline sends messages between brain cells and is involved in attention, impulsivity and motivation. Due to its unique mechanism of action, atomoxetine does not have the same side effects as other antidepressants like Wellbutrin and Effexor. It can be prescribed to children as young 5 years old. It is administered once or twice daily in tablet form. Atomoxetine provides stable, 24-hour control of ADHD symptoms, and could help to reduce the symptoms in the evening when the effects of some stimulants fade. Both clonidine and guanfacine are available as non-stimulant ADHD medication. These are given to children who have not responded to stimulant medication or who are experiencing difficulties dealing with its adverse effects. They can be used by themselves or in combination with stimulants like Adderall XR (amphetamine salts) to offer an effective treatment of ADHD. If you or your child is being treated with a non-stimulant ADHD medication, make sure you follow your GP's directions carefully. They will likely suggest starting with low doses and gradually increasing them. They'll also ask about any other medications that you or your child is taking to check for interactions. You'll have to make regular appointments and inform your GP be aware of any concerns or adverse reactions from the medication. They will be able to modify your dosage or provide advice alternative treatments, such as talk therapy. Unlicensed Medication Adult ADHD is treated with different stimulant and anti-stimulant medications. Psychiatrists may also prescribe medicines which are 'off-label' for the condition (these are drugs that are licensed for other conditions but have emerging evidence of effectiveness in adults with ADHD). These medications are typically antidepressants such as bupropion or venflaxine, which have been shown to have a positive effect on the condition and are well tolerated at lower doses than those found in the approved treatments. Sometimes, unlicensed medications are prescribed to patients when there is a medical need that is so specific that the prescription cannot be fulfilled with an alternative licensed medicine. This is the case for patients whose regular medication is unavailable due to disruption in supply or other reasons, and patients who require a liquid formulation of an approved capsule or tablet for reasons such as intolerance or allergy. Unlicensed medicines are often described as'specials' however, this can also apply to medicines which are not on the label, or have been made or supplied in a way which is not covered by the medicine's licence. They could include crushing tablets to make them easier to swallow, or adding a liquid to an approved capsule or tablet to make a mixture suitable to be administered by injection or using a syringe pump in order to inject medication subcutaneously (under the skin). In general healthcare professionals will only make use of unlicensed medications as a last resort when they feel that there is no licensed alternative available. They will carefully examine a wide variety of options to meet the needs of each patient. They will also evaluate the outcomes and treatment routinely taking into account clinical experience as well as the availability of new treatments that are licensed. It is vital that any medication that is not licensed to treat a patient is safe and efficient. The reason for prescribing a medicine must be documented in the patient record. If a patient experiences adverse effects due to an off-label medication, they should be reported through the MHRA's Yellow Card scheme. This information is used to update the medication's MHRA marketing authorization, and also to ensure that any future prescriptions of the medication are safe and effective. Talk Therapy A therapist for talk will work with you to understand the symptoms you are experiencing and help discover ways to manage them. They can also give you guidance and advice on how to change your way of thinking and behavior to feel more positive. It is essential to complete the number of sessions that your therapist suggests since this will be key in your feeling better. The use of medication can help reduce the symptoms of ADHD by increasing the quantity of neurotransmitters in your brain. These are chemicals that allow your brain to pass on messages to help you focus your thoughts and stay clear of distractions. There are two types of ADHD treatment which include stimulants as well as other non-stimulants. They all increase the availability neurotransmitters within your brain. There are several medications licenced in the UK to treat ADHD. The most popular is methylphenidate, which is available in both immediate-release tablets (small doses taken two to three times per day) and modified-release tablets (taken daily but released throughout the day). These medicines are not an effective treatment for ADHD but they can help to concentrate and control impulsive behaviour. They are generally well-tolerated but your doctor will closely monitor you to ensure that you receive the correct dosage and do not experience any side effects. It can take several weeks for the medication to reach its maximum level. It is also possible to titrate (change your dosage on a regular basis) to find out what is most effective. Non-stimulant medicines like atomoxetine (available only with a prescription) are more effective and have less of a chance of addiction than stimulants. They are more effective, but not as well-liked. Some people might experience issues with appetite, memory or sleep. Your doctor will track your progress and decide whether you should continue with Atomoxetine or switch to another treatment. Neither medications nor therapy are permanent solutions for those with ADHD. However, they can improve your ability to manage your symptoms and lead an enjoyable life. You will benefit the most from your treatment by combining treatments with regular sessions with your therapist since this gives you the chance to develop ways to cope and identify problematic patterns in your behavior and thinking. For certain people, their improved mood and confidence can even last well beyond the duration of their treatment.